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使用nsenter进入docker容器的命名空间

来自 阿辉 in docker, 0 comments

centos 7 已经自喧nsenter这个命令，可以直接使用，它可以方便的让我们进入docker容器的命名空间。

首先获取容器pid，示例如下：

[root@sh-saas-k8s1-master-dev-01 ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE                                                                 COMMAND                  CREATED             STATUS              PORTS               NAMES
f8b1e0b8caa7        nginx                                                                 "nginx -g 'daemon of…"   33 seconds ago      Up 33 seconds       80/tcp              nginx
[root@sh-saas-k8s1-master-dev-01 ~]# pid=$(docker inspect --format "{{ .State.Pid }}" f8b1e0b8caa7)
[root@sh-saas-k8s1-master-dev-01 ~]# echo $pid
16042

然后使用nsenter命令进入：

[root@sh-saas-k8s1-master-dev-01 ~]# nsenter --target $pid --mount --uts --ipc --net --pid
mesg: ttyname failed: No such file or directory
root@f8b1e0b8caa7:/# ls
bin  boot  dev  etc  home  lib  lib64  media  mnt  opt  proc  root  run  sbin  srv  sys  tmp  usr  var
root@f8b1e0b8caa7:/# ip a
-bash: ip: command not found
root@f8b1e0b8caa7:/# exit
logout

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mac上cue音乐分割以及转换

来自 阿辉 in MacOSX, 0 comments

转换需要用到下面这些软件，通过brew安装：
brew install flac shntool cuetools ffmpeg
比如转换带cue的wav格式音乐：

luohui@MacBookPro:/Volumes/DATA HD/music/APE/李荣浩《李荣浩创作精选》$ shntool split -t "%p-%t" -f lrh.cue
enter input filename(s):
lrh.wav
shntool [split]: warning: discarding initial zero-valued split point
Splitting [lrh.wav] (69:04.36) --> [李荣浩-李白 .wav] (4:34.33) : 100% OK
Splitting [lrh.wav] (69:04.36) --> [李荣浩-作曲家.wav] (3:47.42) : 100% OK
Splitting [lrh.wav] (69:04.36) --> [李荣浩-模特 .wav] (5:07.18) : 100% OK
Splitting [lrh.wav] (69:04.36) --> [李荣浩-太坦白.wav] (4:57.60) : 100% OK
Splitting [lrh.wav] (69:04.36) --> [李荣浩-丑八怪.wav] (4:08.32) : 100% OK
Splitting [lrh.wav] (69:04.36) --> [李荣浩-寂寞不痛.wav] (4:58.62) : 100% OK
Splitting [lrh.wav] (69:04.36) --> [李荣浩-演员和歌手 .wav] (4:16.11) : 100% OK
Splitting [lrh.wav] (69:04.36) --> [李荣浩-老伴 .wav] (3:28.40) : 100% OK
Splitting [lrh.wav] (69:04.36) --> [李荣浩-蓝绿 .wav] (4:20.67) : 100% OK
Splitting [lrh.wav] (69:04.36) --> [李荣浩-拜拜.wav] (5:36.60) : 100% OK
Splitting [lrh.wav] (69:04.36) --> [李荣浩-哎呀.wav] (4:52.41) : 100% OK
Splitting [lrh.wav] (69:04.36) --> [李荣浩-什么都没留.wav] (4:14.47) : 100% OK
Splitting [lrh.wav] (69:04.36) --> [李荣浩-两个人 .wav] (4:50.46) : 100% OK
Splitting [lrh.wav] (69:04.36) --> [李荣浩-有一个姑娘 .wav] (4:45.69) : 100% OK
Splitting [lrh.wav] (69:04.36) --> [李荣浩-都一样 .wav] (5:04.08) : 100% OK

这样就成功的把一个600多M的音乐分割十来个小文件了。

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centos linux 7 更新第三方内核

来自 阿辉 in linux系统, 0 comments

centos linux 7本身的内核为3.10，比较老，很多新的特性都没有，可以考虑使用第三方的比较新的内核。如ELRepo仓库就提供了kernel 4.4.x的长期支持版本及5.0.x的最新版.

启用 ELRepo 仓库:
导入密钥：
rpm --import https://www.elrepo.org/RPM-GPG-KEY-elrepo.org
安装yum源包：
yum install -y https://www.elrepo.org/elrepo-release-7.0-3.el7.elrepo.noarch.rpm

安装内核：
yum --enablerepo=elrepo-kernel install kernel-lt -y

配置启动内核,使用最新的就可以了：
egrep ^menuentry /etc/grub2.cfg | cut -f 2 -d \'
grub2-set-default 0

kernel 4.4 对kdump参数有调整，需做如下修改：
vim /etc/default/grub
把
crashkernel=auto
改成：
crashkernel=128M

可使用以下命令一键修改：
sed -i 's/crashkernel=auto/crashkernel=128M/' /etc/default/grub
否则使用新内核重启后kdump会报错。

生成新的配置文件
grub2-mkconfig -o /boot/grub2/grub.cfg

重启机器：
reboot

重启后可以看看kdump服务是否正常：
systemctl status kdump

以下命令可以测试做一次kernel dump:

echo 1 > /proc/sys/kernel/sysrq
echo c > /proc/sysrq-trigger

docker 在宿主机上根据进程PID查找归属容器ID

来自 阿辉 in docker, kubernetes, 0 comments

在使用docker时经常出现一台docker主机上跑了多个容器，可能其中一个容器里的进程导致了整个宿主机load很高，其实一条命令就可以找出罪魁祸首

#查找容器ID

docker inspect -f "{{.Id}}" $(docker ps -q) |grep <PID>

#查找k8s pod name

docker inspect -f "{{.Id}} {{.State.Pid}} {{.Config.Hostname}}" $(docker ps -q) |grep <PID>

#如果PID是容器内运行子进程那docker inspect就无法显示了

for i in  `docker ps |grep Up|awk '{print $1}'`;do echo \ &&docker top $i &&echo ID=$i; done |grep -A 10 <PID>

转自：https://www.cnblogs.com/37yan/p/9559308.html

如何获取自己的公网IP

来自 阿辉 in linux系统, 0 comments

如何获取自己的公网IP呢？

1. dig查google dns

dig TXT +short o-o.myaddr.l.google.com @ns1.google.com
#或
dig +short myip.opendns.com @resolver1.opendns.com

2. curl查IP网站


curl icanhazip.com
curl ifconfig.me
curl icanhazip.com
curl ipecho.net/plain
curl ifconfig.co

3. 参考

http://www.chenshake.com/page/2/
https://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/how-to-find-my-public-ip-address-from-command-line-on-a-linux/

通过zabbix监控kubernetes集群

来自 阿辉 in kubernetes, 0 comments

日前写了一个zabbix的监控脚本来监控kubernetes集群，主要用于报警的功能。性能监控还是使用其它方式来实现。

github URL

https://github.com/farmerluo/k8s_zabbix

k8s_zabbix说明

k8s_zabbix实现了使用zabbix监控kubernetes的ingress,hpa,pod状态等功能。

Template Check K8S Cluster Status.xml：zabbix模板，可通过此文件导入到zabbix

check_k8s_status.py：kubernetes的监控脚本

userparameter_k8s.conf：zabbix agent端的配置文件，需要注意脚本的路径

check_k8s_status.py说明

  • 监控的k8s集群配置：
conf.host = "https://10.10.88.20:8443"
conf.api_key['authorization'] = "xxxxxx.xxxxxxx.x-x-xxx-xxx-x"
  • 脚本会监控traefik ingress的访问状态，将对400~599的非正常状态进行报警，需事先将traefik的访问日志通过fluentd或filebeat等导入到elasticsearch集群，脚本将定时通过查询访问日志来监控ingress的访问状态。监控脚本内的配置：
# elasticsearch server config
es_server = [{"host": "10.16.252.50", "port": 9200},
             {"host": "10.16.252.50", "port": 9200},
             {"host": "10.16.252.50", "port": 9200}
             ]
# 索引名
es_index = "logstash-traefik-ingress-lb-*"
# es查询间隔,ms
es_query_duration = 60000

# 状态码报警及阈值配置
# xxx.com为自定域名的例子
status_code_config = {
    'default': {'403': '90', '404': '90', '500': '2', '502': '2', '499': '70', '406': '70', '503': '5',
                '504': '5', '599': '2', 'other': '30', '429': '5', '430': '1'
                },
    'xxx.com': {'403': '100', '404': '100', '500': '70', '502': '70', '499': '100', '406': '80', '503': '70',
                '504': '70', '599': '0', 'other': '60', '429': '5', '430': '1'
                }
}

定时清理elasticsearch集群的索引脚本

来自 阿辉 in 日志采集, 0 comments

elasticsearch集群容量总是有限的，所以必需要对超过一定时间的索引进行删除和清理。
先说明下我们索引的命令方式：xxx-xxx-xxx-yyyy.mm.dd
yyyy.mm.dd为日期。

清理脚本如下：

#!/bin/bash
###################################
#删除早于天的ES集群的索引
###################################
# crontab -e
#clean es index
#* 0 * * * sh /data/shell/clean_es_indes.sh 

#索引保存天数
days=30

#ES cluster url
es_cluster_url="http://127.0.0.1:9200"

function delete_indices() {
    comp_date=`date -d "$days day ago" +"%Y-%m-%d"`
    date1="$1 00:00:00"
    date2="$comp_date 00:00:00"

    t1=`date -d "$date1" +%s` 
    t2=`date -d "$date2" +%s` 

    if [ $t1 -le $t2 ]; then
        echo "$1时间早于$comp_date，进行索引删除"
        #转换一下格式，将类似2017-10-01格式转化为2017.10.01
        format_date=`echo $1| sed 's/-/\./g'`
        echo "curl -XDELETE $es_cluster_url/*$format_date"
        curl -s -XDELETE "$es_cluster_url/*$format_date"
    fi
}

curl -s -XGET "$es_cluster_url/_cat/indices" | awk -F" " '{print $3}' | awk -F"-" '{print $NF}' | egrep "[0-9]*\.[0-9]*\.[0-9]*" | sort | uniq  | sed 's/\./-/g' | while read LINE
do
    #调用索引删除函数
    delete_indices $LINE
done

参考：
https://blog.csdn.net/felix_yujing/article/details/78207667

weave scope的安装配置以及traefik ingress basic auth的实现

来自 阿辉 in 云计算, 0 comments


Weave Scope 能自动生成应用程序的映射，使你能够直观地了解、监控并控制你的微服务容器应用。

1. Weave Scope的简介

1.1. 实时了解Docker容器状态

查看容器基础设施的概况，或者专注于一个特殊的微服务。从而轻松发现并纠正问题，确保你的容器化应用的稳定与性能。

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coredns解析结果异常的问题

来自 阿辉 in kubernetes, 0 comments

我发现k8s内coredns的解析结果有点问题。经常解析不出来。

/ # nslookup kubernetes-dashboard.kube-system.svc.cluster.local
Server:         10.253.255.10
Address:        10.253.255.10:53

Non-authoritative answer:

*** Can't find kubernetes-dashboard.kube-system.svc.cluster.local: No answer

/ # nslookup kubernetes-dashboard.kube-system.svc.cluster.local
Server:         10.253.255.10
Address:        10.253.255.10:53

Name:   kubernetes-dashboard.kube-system.svc.cluster.local
Address: 10.253.255.40

*** Can't find kubernetes-dashboard.kube-system.svc.cluster.local: No answer

/ # nslookup kubernetes-dashboard.kube-system.svc.cluster.local
Server:         10.253.255.10
Address:        10.253.255.10:53

Name:   kubernetes-dashboard.kube-system.svc.cluster.local
Address: 10.253.255.40

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fluentd采集数据到kafka时的版本问题

来自 阿辉 in 云计算, 日志采集, 0 comments

在使用fluentd采集数据到kafka时，一直不通，碰到了很多报错。
fluentd版本为：1.2.5
fluent-plugin-kafka版本为：0.7.8
kafka版本为：0.9
最开始碰到了这个报错：

2018-09-05 01:42:06 +0000 [warn]: fluent/log.rb:342:warn: Send exception occurred: unknown topic 
2018-09-05 01:42:06 +0000 [warn]: fluent/log.rb:342:warn: Exception Backtrace : /var/lib/gems/2.3.0/gems/ruby-kafka-0.6.8/lib/kafka/protocol/metadata_response.rb:141:in `partitions_for'
/var/lib/gems/2.3.0/gems/ruby-kafka-0.6.8/lib/kafka/cluster.rb:155:in `partitions_for'
/var/lib/gems/2.3.0/gems/fluent-plugin-kafka-0.7.6/lib/fluent/plugin/kafka_producer_ext.rb:190:in `assign_partitions!'
/var/lib/gems/2.3.0/gems/fluent-plugin-kafka-0.7.6/lib/fluent/plugin/kafka_producer_ext.rb:153:in `block in deliver_messages_with_retries'
/var/lib/gems/2.3.0/gems/fluent-plugin-kafka-0.7.6/lib/fluent/plugin/kafka_producer_ext.rb:148:in `loop'
/var/lib/gems/2.3.0/gems/fluent-plugin-kafka-0.7.6/lib/fluent/plugin/kafka_producer_ext.rb:148:in `deliver_messages_with_retries'
/var/lib/gems/2.3.0/gems/fluent-plugin-kafka-0.7.6/lib/fluent/plugin/kafka_producer_ext.rb:102:in `deliver_messages'
/var/lib/gems/2.3.0/gems/fluent-plugin-kafka-0.7.6/lib/fluent/plugin/out_kafka2.rb:220:in `write'
/var/lib/gems/2.3.0/gems/fluentd-1.2.4/lib/fluent/plugin/output.rb:1110:in `try_flush'
/var/lib/gems/2.3.0/gems/fluentd-1.2.4/lib/fluent/plugin/output.rb:1389:in `flush_thread_run'
/var/lib/gems/2.3.0/gems/fluentd-1.2.4/lib/fluent/plugin/output.rb:444:in `block (2 levels) in start'
/var/lib/gems/2.3.0/gems/fluentd-1.2.4/lib/fluent/plugin_helper/thread.rb:78:in `block in thread_create'
2018-09-05 01:42:06 +0000 [info]: fluent/log.rb:322:info: initialized kafka producer: fluentd
2018-09-05 01:42:06 +0000 [debug]: fluent/log.rb:302:debug: taking back chunk for errors. chunk="57515e0ef787da843836cc864f9d1581"
2018-09-05 01:42:06 +0000 [warn]: fluent/log.rb:342:warn: failed to flush the buffer. retry_time=2 next_retry_seconds=2018-09-05 01:42:06 +0000 chunk="57515e0ef787da843836cc864f9d1581" error_class=Kafka::UnknownTopicOrPartition error="unknown topic "
  2018-09-05 01:42:06 +0000 [warn]: plugin/output.rb:1157:rescue in try_flush: suppressed same stacktrace
2018-09-05 01:42:09 +0000 [debug]: fluent/log.rb:302:debug: 61 messages send.
2018-09-05 01:42:09 +0000 [warn]: fluent/log.rb:342:warn: Send exception occurred: unknown topic 
2018-09-05 01:42:09 +0000 [warn]: fluent/log.rb:342:warn: Exception Backtrace : /var/lib/gems/2.3.0/gems/ruby-kafka-0.6.8/lib/kafka/protocol/metadata_response.rb:141:in `partitions_for'
/var/lib/gems/2.3.0/gems/ruby-kafka-0.6.8/lib/kafka/cluster.rb:155:in `partitions_for'
/var/lib/gems/2.3.0/gems/fluent-plugin-kafka-0.7.6/lib/fluent/plugin/kafka_producer_ext.rb:190:in `assign_partitions!'
/var/lib/gems/2.3.0/gems/fluent-plugin-kafka-0.7.6/lib/fluent/plugin/kafka_producer_ext.rb:153:in `block in deliver_messages_with_retries'
/var/lib/gems/2.3.0/gems/fluent-plugin-kafka-0.7.6/lib/fluent/plugin/kafka_producer_ext.rb:148:in `loop'
/var/lib/gems/2.3.0/gems/fluent-plugin-kafka-0.7.6/lib/fluent/plugin/kafka_producer_ext.rb:148:in `deliver_messages_with_retries'
/var/lib/gems/2.3.0/gems/fluent-plugin-kafka-0.7.6/lib/fluent/plugin/kafka_producer_ext.rb:102:in `deliver_messages'
/var/lib/gems/2.3.0/gems/fluent-plugin-kafka-0.7.6/lib/fluent/plugin/out_kafka2.rb:220:in `write'
/var/lib/gems/2.3.0/gems/fluentd-1.2.4/lib/fluent/plugin/output.rb:1110:in `try_flush'
/var/lib/gems/2.3.0/gems/fluentd-1.2.4/lib/fluent/plugin/output.rb:1389:in `flush_thread_run'
/var/lib/gems/2.3.0/gems/fluentd-1.2.4/lib/fluent/plugin/output.rb:444:in `block (2 levels) in start'
/var/lib/gems/2.3.0/gems/fluentd-1.2.4/lib/fluent/plugin_helper/thread.rb:78:in `block in thread_create'
2018-09-05 01:42:09 +0000 [info]: fluent/log.rb:322:info: initialized kafka producer: fluentd
2018-09-05 01:42:09 +0000 [debug]: fluent/log.rb:302:debug: taking back chunk for errors. chunk="57515e0ef787da843836cc864f9d1581"
2018-09-05 01:42:09 +0000 [warn]: fluent/log.rb:342:warn: failed to flush the buffer. retry_time=3 next_retry_seconds=2018-09-05 01:42:09 +0000

这是因为没有配置default_topic,使用下面的配置指定topic就可以了。
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